Objective To discuss the short-term effect and hematologic adverse reactions in the treatment of advanced malignant tumors with gemcitabine plus oxaliplatin. Methods Seventy-six patients with advanced malignant tumor treated in our hospital between Jan. 2010 and Dec. 2012 were randomly selected and divided into the single-agent gemcitabine treatment group (Monotherapy group ) and the gemcitabine and oxaliplatin treatment group (Combination group). After two cycles of chemotherapy, the efficacy and hematologic adverse reactions in the two groups were compared and analyzed. Results The total remission rate in the Combination group was 71.05％, higher than that of the monotherapy group (52.63％, P<0.05). However, the hematologic adverse reactions such as neutropenia, thrombocytopenia and asphaerinia in the Combination group were also higher than that in the monotherapy group (P<0.05). Conclusion The combination of gemcitabine and oxaliplatin in the treatment for advanced malignant tumor can improve the shorterm effect but cause greater hematologic adverse reactions. It should pay more attention to apply the combination therapy in clinic.